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Brenu:

immunologische

afwijkingen

in ME/CVS

"overweldigend"

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

Een recente studie van Brenu en collega's van de Griffith Universiteit toont wederom aan dat

het aantal immunologische afwijkingen in ME/CVS 'overweldigend' is (zie tabel hieronder).

 

"Ongelovigen" daarentegen spreken liever over "medisch onverklaarblare symptomen" en

stellen dat nadenken over de ziekte ("misinformatie") de symptomen doet 'escaleren' (klik hier)....

 

 

 

 

Toegenomen

 

 

Afgenomen

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bloedbeeld

Bloedplaatjes

*

-

Hematocriet:

relatieve hoeveelheid

rode bloedcellen

*

-

 

Bezinkingssnelheid

van erytrocyten (rode bloedcellen)

*

!

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Witte

bloedcel-soorten

Myeloïde dendritische cellen

*

-

Plasmacytoïde

dendritische cellen

*

!

 

 

 

 

CD16+ dendritische cellen

-

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

B geheugencellen: memory B-cellen)

*

!

Immature B-cellen

*

!

 

Plasma B-cellen

-

!

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

FoxP regulatorische T-cellen (T suppressor-cellen, T-remmer cellen)

*

!

 

 

 

 

CD4+CD73+CD39– regulatorische T-cellen

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Lichaamseigen antigenen

CD177- humane neutrofiele antigeen 2 (HNA2):

antistoffen tegen specifieke afweercellen: neutrofielen

*

!

CD177+ humane neutrofiele antigeen 2 (HNA2),

wellicht veroorzaakt door migratie van het bloed

naar de "infectiehaard"

*

!

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NK cel-functie

Degranulatie: afgifte van cytoto-xische substanties door NK-cellen

in response op

mitogenen en K562-kankercellen

*

!

NK cel-activiteit

("daadkracht": aantal zieke cellen dat uitgeschakeld wordt)

*

!

 

IFNγ-productie

door CD3-CD56+ NK cellen

in response op

mitogenen en K562-kankercellen

*

!

Intracellulair granzyme B:

een enzym dat,

samen met perforine,

door NK-cellen gebruikt wordt om zieke cellen uit te schakelen

*

!

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cytokines

TNFα-productie

in response op mitogenen

*

-

IFNγ-productie

in response op mitogenen

*

-

 

*

significant

!

beduidend

 

 

 


 

Enkele relevante citaten uit de studie:

 

In T cells, CD73 dampens

the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines

by inhibiting NF-kB activation (77)

promoting a Th2 type response.

 

...

 

[T]he NK cells in the CFS/ME patients

are presumably highly activated in response to a potential viral overload

but incapable of eliminating these viruses.

 

...

 

In summary,

the findings from this present study confirm

a substantial breakdown in immune tolerance and inflammatory mechanisms

in patients with CFS/ME.

 

This likely involves

significant impairments in the NK cell function,

over-reactive Tregs, impaired DCs, neutrophils,

dysregulation in cytokine levels and

abnormal production of adenosine.

 

Collectively these defects are overwhelming and

further confirmatory studies may be required

owing to the multifactorial and heterogeneous nature of the disorder.

 

 


 

 

 

The role of adaptive and innate immune cells

in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis.

Int Immunol. 2013 Dec 16. doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxt068.

Brenu EW, Huth TK, Hardcastle SL, Fuller K, Kaur M,

Johnston S, Ramos SB, Staines DR, Marshall-Gradisnik SM.

 

 

Abstract

 

Perturbations in immune processes

are a hallmark of a number of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.

 

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME)

is an inflammatory disorder with possible autoimmune correlates,

characterised by reduced Natural Killer (NK) cell activity,

elevations in regulatory T cells (Tregs) and dysregulation in cytokine levels.

 

The purpose of this paper is to examine

innate and adaptive immune cell phenotypes and functional characteristics

that have not been previously examined in CFS/ME patients.

 

30 patients with CFS/ME and 25 non-fatigued controls were recruited for this study.

 

Whole blood samples were collected from all participants

for the assessment of cell phenotypes, functional properties, receptors,

adhesion molecules, antigens and intracellular proteins using flow cytometric protocols.

 

The cells investigated included

NK cells, dendritic cells (DCs), neutrophils, B cells, T cells, γδT cells and Tregs.

 

Significant changes were observed in

in the CFS/ME patients in comparison to the non-fatigued controls.

 

Alterations in B cells, Tregs, NK cells and neutrophils suggest

significant impairments in immune regulationin CFS/ME and

these may have similarities to a number of autoimmune disorders.

 

 

KEYWORDS:

 

B cells, Degranulation, Dendritic cells, NK cells, γδT cells

 

 

PMID: 24343819

 

 

http://intimm.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/12/16/intimm.dxt068.abstract